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Ukrainian Special Issue/2024

Maryana Melnyk, Iryna Leshchukh, Uliana Ivaniuk

The Risks and Opportunities of Forming a Specific Business Environment in Ukraine in the Conditions of War

The research analyses a range of analytical materials of Ukrainian and international experts in business, economy, finance, etc., and the data of sociological surveys of the representatives of Ukrainian businesses regarding the entrepreneurship development trends in Ukraine in conditions of martial law. The analysis of these resources has revealed a substantial negative impact of the war on the export of goods and services from Ukraine, the falling sales volumes, the reducing staff of enterprises, problems with labour remuneration, and the preservation of panic in the business environment. However, there is a substantial risk that the hostilities do not end in the short run. Therefore, the authors analyse the opportunities for the creation of a specific business environment in Ukraine under martial law with the view to develop a policy directed at securing economic resilience as well as the maintenance of the country’s economic capacity. The risks and threats of doing business in Ukraine in the context of adopted amendments to legislation in conditions of war are examined. The priority steps for the elimination of possible threats of falling business activity are outlined.

The Risks and Opportunities of Forming a Specific Business Environment in Ukraine in the Conditions of War

The research analyses a range of analytical materials of Ukrainian and international experts in business, economy, finance, etc., and the data of sociological surveys of the representatives of Ukrainian businesses regarding the entrepreneurship development trends in Ukraine in conditions of martial law. The analysis of these resources has revealed a substantial negative impact of the war on the export of goods and services from Ukraine, the falling sales volumes, the reducing staff of enterprises, problems with labour remuneration, and the preservation of panic in the business environment. However, there is a substantial risk that the hostilities do not end in the short run. Therefore, the authors analyse the opportunities for the creation of a specific business environment in Ukraine under martial law with the view to develop a policy directed at securing economic resilience as well as the maintenance of the country’s economic capacity. The risks and threats of doing business in Ukraine in the context of adopted amendments to legislation in conditions of war are examined. The priority steps for the elimination of possible threats of falling business activity are outlined.

Afiliacja:
Maryana Melnyk: State Institution “Institute of Regional Research named after M.I. Dolishniy of the NAS of Ukraine”, Department of Spatial Development, 4 Kozelnytska St., 79026 Lviv, Ukraine; ORCID: 0000-0001-8869-8666; mar.melnyk@gmail.com
Iryna Leshchukh: State Institution “Institute of Regional Research named after M.I. Dolishniy of the NAS of Ukraine”, Department of Spatial Development, 4 Kozelnytska St., 79026 Lviv, Ukraine; ORCID: 0000-0002-3860-0728; ra_leschukh@ukr.net
Uliana Ivaniuk: Lviv Polytechnic National University, Department of Management of Organizations, 12 S. Bandery St., 79000 Lviv, Ukraine; ORCID: 0000-0001-8845-9120; ivaniuk.ulana@gmail.com
Olena Stryzhak

The Features of Regional Human Capital Development

The article focuses on identifying the specifics of the relationship between human capital and the quality of economic development across regions and the world as a whole. The Human Capital Index (HCI) was used as an indicator of human capital development. GDP per capita as an objective indicator and the Happiness Rating as a subjective indicator were used to display the quality of economic development. The panel sample includes data for 140 countries for 2020. The study showed that there are significant regional differences both in the values of the analysed indicators and in their distribution among the groups. The research also revealed that the relationship between the indicators ranged from a strong positive in some cases to a negative or no correlation in others. It was concluded that there are inter-regional differences in human capital development.

The Features of Regional Human Capital Development

The article focuses on identifying the specifics of the relationship between human capital and the quality of economic development across regions and the world as a whole. The Human Capital Index (HCI) was used as an indicator of human capital development. GDP per capita as an objective indicator and the Happiness Rating as a subjective indicator were used to display the quality of economic development. The panel sample includes data for 140 countries for 2020. The study showed that there are significant regional differences both in the values of the analysed indicators and in their distribution among the groups. The research also revealed that the relationship between the indicators ranged from a strong positive in some cases to a negative or no correlation in others. It was concluded that there are inter-regional differences in human capital development.

Afiliacja:
Olena Stryzhak: Simon Kuznets Kharkiv National University of Economics, Department of Entrepreneurship, Trade and Tourism Business, 9a Nauka Av., 61166 Kharkiv, Ukraine; ORCID: 0000-0002-9367-9061; sssselllennnn@gmail.com
Khrystyna Prytula, Anna Maksymenko, Nataliia Popovych, Halyna Ivasyk

Integrating the Ukrainian Garment Industry into Global Value Chains: National and Regional Dimensions

The garment production in Ukraine is an export-oriented industry. European countries, with the share of 90%, are the major partners in readymade clothes export. Ukrainian regions with the highest export capacity are determined by calculating the location quotient and export orientation level. The competitive advantages of domestic companies are revealed based on the SWOT analysis. The features of the garment industry as a complex system are examined using the methods of cognitive analysis. The expert survey of the garment enterprises revealed opportunities to expand their share within and beyond domestic market as well as prospects for increasing added value in the total export volume.

Integrating the Ukrainian Garment Industry into Global Value Chains: National and Regional Dimensions

The garment production in Ukraine is an export-oriented industry. European countries, with the share of 90%, are the major partners in readymade clothes export. Ukrainian regions with the highest export capacity are determined by calculating the location quotient and export orientation level. The competitive advantages of domestic companies are revealed based on the SWOT analysis. The features of the garment industry as a complex system are examined using the methods of cognitive analysis. The expert survey of the garment enterprises revealed opportunities to expand their share within and beyond domestic market as well as prospects for increasing added value in the total export volume.

Afiliacja:
Khrystyna Prytula: State Institution “Institute of Regional Research named after M.I. Dolishniy of the NAS of Ukraine”, Sector of Cross-Border Cooperation, 4 Kozelnytska St., 79026 Lviv, Ukraine; ORCID: 0000-0003-3846-2393; khrystynka.prytula@gmail.com
Anna Maksymenko: State Institution “Institute of Regional Research named after M.I. Dolishniy of the NAS of Ukraine”, Sector of Cross-Border Cooperation, 4 Kozelnytska St., 79026 Lviv, Ukraine; ORCID: 0000-0002-4014-6501; annusja@gmail.com
Nataliia Popovych: Lviv University of Trade and Economics, Department of Commodity Science, Customs Affairs and Management Quality, 10 Tugan Baranovskogo St., 79005 Lviv, Ukraine; ORCID: 0000-0002-4407-105X; popovych.n1988@gmail.com
Halyna Ivasyk: Lviv Polytechnic National University, Department of Higher Mathematics, 5 Metropolitan Andreya St., 79013 Lviv, Ukraine; ORCID: 0000-0003-0587-0630; halyna.v.ivasyk@lpnu.ua
Yurii Umantsiv, Pavlo Dziuba, Yuliya Yasko, Maryna Shtan, Halyna Umantsiv

The Regulatory Determinants of Economic Growth under Pandemic Challenges: Regional Cluster Issues and Patterns

The main objective of this paper is to discover the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and regulatory conditions of doing business on economic growth of different economies, particularly in terms of the combined co-effect of the two mentioned factors. An econometric cluster model using the k-means method is developed. 172 economies were distributed between clusters based on three parameters: 1) rates of GDP growth for individual economies in 2020, as provided by the World Bank; 2) the World Bank Doing Business rating for 2020; and 3) the COVID-19 pandemic factor that is represented by the total accumulated number of cases officially fixed per 100,000 of population, as provided by the World Health Organization. The study proves that the COVID-19 pandemic appeared to be a substantial factor of economic growth for the vast majority of economies, which is reflected by the drop in their GDP even despite favourable conditions of doing business in some countries. Substantial compensating reciprocal influences are observed between the set of doing business factors and the COVID-19 pandemic factor.

The Regulatory Determinants of Economic Growth under Pandemic Challenges: Regional Cluster Issues and Patterns

The main objective of this paper is to discover the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and regulatory conditions of doing business on economic growth of different economies, particularly in terms of the combined co-effect of the two mentioned factors. An econometric cluster model using the k-means method is developed. 172 economies were distributed between clusters based on three parameters: 1) rates of GDP growth for individual economies in 2020, as provided by the World Bank; 2) the World Bank Doing Business rating for 2020; and 3) the COVID-19 pandemic factor that is represented by the total accumulated number of cases officially fixed per 100,000 of population, as provided by the World Health Organization. The study proves that the COVID-19 pandemic appeared to be a substantial factor of economic growth for the vast majority of economies, which is reflected by the drop in their GDP even despite favourable conditions of doing business in some countries. Substantial compensating reciprocal influences are observed between the set of doing business factors and the COVID-19 pandemic factor.

Afiliacja:
Yurii Umantsiv: State University of Trade and Economics, Department of Economics and Competition Policy, 19 Kyoto St., 02156 Kyiv, Ukraine; ORCID: 0000-0003-0788-7110; y.umantsiv@knute.edu.ua
Pavlo Dziuba: Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Department of International Finance, Institute of International Relations, 36/1 Yuriy Illenko St., 04119 Kyiv, Ukraine; ORCID: 0000-0003-2932-0908; pavlo.dziuba@gmail.com
Yuliya Yasko: State University of Trade and Economics, Department of Economics and Competition Policy, 19 Kyoto St., 02156 Kyiv, Ukraine; ORCID: 0000-0002-8756-4612; y.yasko@knute.edu.ua
Maryna Shtan: National Academy of Management, Department of International Economic Relations, 15 Ushinskogo St., 03151 Kyiv, Ukraine; ORCID: 0000-0002-4938-555Х; mvsh2307@gmail.com
Halyna Umantsiv: State University of Trade and Economics, Department of Accounting and Taxation, 19 Kyoto St., 02156 Kyiv, Ukraine; ORCID: 0000-0002-5410-1363; h.umantsiv@knute.edu.ua
Lesya Korolchuk

A Conceptual Approach to the Development of the Cross-Border Model of Sustainable Development of Regions in Times of War

In the context of the war in Ukraine, the author defines the cross-border model of sustainable development of regions as an effective one, which can be used to adopt the EU’s progressive experience in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals, adapt it, and timely transfer it to the internal regions in the post-war recovery of our country. According to the conceptual approach, the ER-cross-border model of sustainable development of regions is developed based on the analysis of the subject area of sustainable regional development, cross-border cooperation of regions for sustainable development, and cross-border cooperation of regions for sustainable development in times of war.

A Conceptual Approach to the Development of the Cross-Border Model of Sustainable Development of Regions in Times of War

In the context of the war in Ukraine, the author defines the cross-border model of sustainable development of regions as an effective one, which can be used to adopt the EU’s progressive experience in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals, adapt it, and timely transfer it to the internal regions in the post-war recovery of our country. According to the conceptual approach, the ER-cross-border model of sustainable development of regions is developed based on the analysis of the subject area of sustainable regional development, cross-border cooperation of regions for sustainable development, and cross-border cooperation of regions for sustainable development in times of war.

Afiliacja:
Lesya Korolchuk: Lutsk National Technical University, Department of International Economic Relations, 75 Lvivska St., 43018 Lutsk; ORCID: 0000-0002-2821-476X; l.korolchuck@lutsk-ntu.com.ua
Lіubov G. Kvasnii, Olena V. Moravska, Oksana Soltysik, Yurii O. Shulzhyk, Oresta Ya. Shcherban, Stah O. Vovk

Eco-Industrial Parks of the Lviv Region as a Factor of the Inclusive Development of the Western Region of Ukraine

The article examines the key points of creating eco-industrial parks in the Lviv region and reforming existing industrial parks according to the principles of circular and green economy. The intensive increase in the number of industrial enterprises in the Lviv region is due to the active relocation of enterprises from the war zone of Ukraine. The purpose of the article is to justify the feasibility of creating eco-industrial parks in the Lviv region according to the principles of circular and green economy. The authors recommend the principles of selecting industrial enterprises in the territories of industrial parks, taking into account industrial symbiosis. As part of research cooperation, we conducted and researched the stages of the design, construction, and development of industrial parks in the Lviv region of Ukraine. Practical recommendations have been developed and proposed for the creation and implementation of the production of environmentally-friendly products with further processing and the secondary cycle of waste use in order to reduce the use of natural resources and environmental pollution, and increase the socioeconomic development of the western region of Ukraine.

Eco-Industrial Parks of the Lviv Region as a Factor of the Inclusive Development of the Western Region of Ukraine

The article examines the key points of creating eco-industrial parks in the Lviv region and reforming existing industrial parks according to the principles of circular and green economy. The intensive increase in the number of industrial enterprises in the Lviv region is due to the active relocation of enterprises from the war zone of Ukraine. The purpose of the article is to justify the feasibility of creating eco-industrial parks in the Lviv region according to the principles of circular and green economy. The authors recommend the principles of selecting industrial enterprises in the territories of industrial parks, taking into account industrial symbiosis. As part of research cooperation, we conducted and researched the stages of the design, construction, and development of industrial parks in the Lviv region of Ukraine. Practical recommendations have been developed and proposed for the creation and implementation of the production of environmentally-friendly products with further processing and the secondary cycle of waste use in order to reduce the use of natural resources and environmental pollution, and increase the socioeconomic development of the western region of Ukraine.

Afiliacja:
Lіubov G. Kvasnii: Precarpathian Institute named of M. Hrushevsky of Interregional Academy of Personnel Management, 21 Ivasyuka St., 82200, Truskavets, Ukraine; Drohobych State Pedagogical University named after Ivan Franko, 24 Ivana Franka St. 82100, Drohobych, Ukraine; ORCID: 0000-0001-5248-544X; lg_k@ukr.net
Olena V. Moravska: Precarpathian Institute named of M. Hrushevsky of Interregional Academy of Personnel Management, 21 Ivasyuka St., 82200, Truskavets, Ukraine; ORCID: 0000-0002-0595-858X; olena.v.moravska@gmail.com
Oksana Soltysik: Drohobych State Pedagogical University named after Ivan Franko, 24 Ivana Franka St. 82100, Drohobych, Ukraine; ORCID: 0000-0003-3054-0158; soltysik73@gmail.com
Yurii O. Shulzhyk: Precarpathian Institute named of M. Hrushevsky of Interregional Academy of Personnel Management, 21 Ivasyuka St., 82200, Truskavets, Ukraine; ORCID: 0000-0003-1699-054X; pimaup_doktorant@ukr.net
Oresta Ya. Shcherban: Lviv Polytechnic National University, 18 Gorbachevskii St., 79057, Lviv, Ukraine; ORCID: 0000-0001-5422-4032; mppjavir@ukr.net
Stah O. Vovk: National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine, Institute of Agriculture of Carpathian Region, 5 Mykhailo Hrushevskyi St., 81115, Obroshine, Ukraine; ORCID: 0000-0002-1439-5483; vovkstah@gmail.com
Olena Pobihun, Liudmyla Arkhypova, Yaroslava Korobeinykova, Sofiia Kachala, Victoria Hryniuk

An Analysis of Tourists’ Use and Assessment of Tourist Infrastructure in the Ivano-Frankivsk and Transcarpathian Regions of Ukraine

The main tasks of the study were to analyse and assess the state of infrastructure near tourist facilities based on the results of a survey, as well as identify problems and prospects of infrastructure development. Information was collected regarding the time spent in the settlements of the Ivano-Frankivsk and Transcarpathian regions when visiting tourist facilities, how to get there, which food and accommodation establishments to choose, how much one is willing to spend, additional services, leisure facilities, etc. Most of the tourists rated the recreational infrastructure as “excellent” and “good”. The respondents expressed several wishes: the improvement of the infrastructure, the beautification of the territory, information support, increase in the number and quality of public restrooms, and the revitalisation of cultural and entertainment events.

An Analysis of Tourists’ Use and Assessment of Tourist Infrastructure in the Ivano-Frankivsk and Transcarpathian Regions of Ukraine

The main tasks of the study were to analyse and assess the state of infrastructure near tourist facilities based on the results of a survey, as well as identify problems and prospects of infrastructure development. Information was collected regarding the time spent in the settlements of the Ivano-Frankivsk and Transcarpathian regions when visiting tourist facilities, how to get there, which food and accommodation establishments to choose, how much one is willing to spend, additional services, leisure facilities, etc. Most of the tourists rated the recreational infrastructure as “excellent” and “good”. The respondents expressed several wishes: the improvement of the infrastructure, the beautification of the territory, information support, increase in the number and quality of public restrooms, and the revitalisation of cultural and entertainment events.

Afiliacja:
Olena Pobihun: Ivano-Frankivsk National Technical University of Oil and Gas, 15 Karpatska St., 76018, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine; ORCID: 0000-0001-5387-1510; alenapobigun@gmail.com
Liudmyla Arkhypova: Ivano-Frankivsk National Technical University of Oil and Gas, 15 Karpatska St., 76018, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine; ORCID: 0000-0002-8725-6943; konsevich@ukr.net
Yaroslava Korobeinykova: Ivano-Frankivsk National Technical University of Oil and Gas, 15 Karpatska St., 76018, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine; ORCID: 0000-0002-4882-8611; yaroslava.korob@gmail.com
Sofiia Kachala: Ivano-Frankivsk National Technical University of Oil and Gas, 15 Karpatska St., 76018, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine; ORCID: 0000-0003-1084-2968; pernerolik@gmail.com
Victoria Hryniuk: Ivano-Frankivsk National Technical University of Oil and Gas, 15 Karpatska St., 76018, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine; ORCID: 0000-0003-4816-8614; victoriagrynuk@gmail.com
Inna Mylko, Olena Nahornova, Serhii Ozhema

Museums and Open-Air Museums in the Implementation of Cultural and Ethnic Tourism in Ukraine

The article will consider various approaches to defining the essence of cultural and ethnic tourism, and analyse the important aspects of the proposed approaches. The importance of preserving cultural heritage at the level of international organisations is emphasised. The policy of the European Union regarding cultural and ethnic tourism is characterised. The distribution of museums by profile and regions in Ukraine in 2021 is presented. The losses suffered by museums during the military invasion of Russia into Ukraine were assessed. The SWOT analysis was performed to determine the directions of the development of cultural and ethnic tourism of Ukraine in the post-war period. Strategic directions for the development of cultural and ethnic tourism in Ukraine are proposed. Models of state regulation of the sphere of cultural and ethnic tourism are analysed. A set of tools is proposed that will ensure the effectiveness of the functioning of cultural and ethnic tourism. Open-air museums are characterised as a way of preserving tangible and intangible heritage. The distribution of open-air museums by regions of Ukraine has been made. It is proposed that tasks be solved for the full use of open-air museums in the field of cultural and ethnic tourism in Ukraine, taking into account the task of protecting cultural heritage objects from destruction during martial law.

Museums and Open-Air Museums in the Implementation of Cultural and Ethnic Tourism in Ukraine

The article will consider various approaches to defining the essence of cultural and ethnic tourism, and analyse the important aspects of the proposed approaches. The importance of preserving cultural heritage at the level of international organisations is emphasised. The policy of the European Union regarding cultural and ethnic tourism is characterised. The distribution of museums by profile and regions in Ukraine in 2021 is presented. The losses suffered by museums during the military invasion of Russia into Ukraine were assessed. The SWOT analysis was performed to determine the directions of the development of cultural and ethnic tourism of Ukraine in the post-war period. Strategic directions for the development of cultural and ethnic tourism in Ukraine are proposed. Models of state regulation of the sphere of cultural and ethnic tourism are analysed. A set of tools is proposed that will ensure the effectiveness of the functioning of cultural and ethnic tourism. Open-air museums are characterised as a way of preserving tangible and intangible heritage. The distribution of open-air museums by regions of Ukraine has been made. It is proposed that tasks be solved for the full use of open-air museums in the field of cultural and ethnic tourism in Ukraine, taking into account the task of protecting cultural heritage objects from destruction during martial law.

Afiliacja:
Inna Mylko: Lesya Ukrainka Volyn National University, Department of Management and Administration, Vynnychenko 28 St., 43025, Lutsk, Ukraine; ORCID: 0000-0002-5962-0082; mylko.inna@vnu.edu.ua
Olena Nahornova: Kozteks Ltd, 25 Cathedral St., 43000, Lutsk, Ukraine; ORCID: 0000-0003-3930-6587; lennok@ukr.net
Serhii Ozhema: Open International University of Human Development “Ukraine”, Lutsk Institute of Human Development, Department of Information Activity and Tourism, 5 Georgiya Gongadze St., 43000, Lutsk, Ukraine; ORCID: 0000-0001-7304-378X; ozhema@ukr.net
Halyna Zavarika, Olena Zelenko

An Analysis of the Features of the Organisation of Tourist Activities in the Conditions of the War in Ukraine

The article reveals topical issues regarding the consequences, possibilities of operation, and the restoration of tourism in the post-war territories of Ukraine in the conditions of military aggression of the Russian Federation. The purpose of the study was to analyse the organisation of tourist activities under the conditions of martial law in Ukraine. The article highlights preliminary data on the losses of the tourism industry in Ukraine as well as analyses and systematises specific examples of damaged natural and cultural-historical heritage on the territory of Ukraine. The peculiarities of the functioning of the subjects of the tourism industry in the conditions of the war in Ukraine are evaluated and the essence of the post-war territories is indicated. Directions for saving tourist activity in the post-war territories of Ukraine as a result of the military actions of the aggressor country are proposed. The proposals indicated in this work will be useful to all Ukrainian communities whose tourism industry has suffered great losses as a result of the military aggression. It will also be useful for representatives of the tourism industry of other countries who want to prevent, if possible, the destructive effects of war.

An Analysis of the Features of the Organisation of Tourist Activities in the Conditions of the War in Ukraine

The article reveals topical issues regarding the consequences, possibilities of operation, and the restoration of tourism in the post-war territories of Ukraine in the conditions of military aggression of the Russian Federation. The purpose of the study was to analyse the organisation of tourist activities under the conditions of martial law in Ukraine. The article highlights preliminary data on the losses of the tourism industry in Ukraine as well as analyses and systematises specific examples of damaged natural and cultural-historical heritage on the territory of Ukraine. The peculiarities of the functioning of the subjects of the tourism industry in the conditions of the war in Ukraine are evaluated and the essence of the post-war territories is indicated. Directions for saving tourist activity in the post-war territories of Ukraine as a result of the military actions of the aggressor country are proposed. The proposals indicated in this work will be useful to all Ukrainian communities whose tourism industry has suffered great losses as a result of the military aggression. It will also be useful for representatives of the tourism industry of other countries who want to prevent, if possible, the destructive effects of war.

Afiliacja:
Halyna Zavarika: Volodymyr Dahl East Ukrainian National University, Faculty of Economics and Management, 17 Ioanna Pavla II Street, Kyiv, Ukraine; ORCID: 0000-0001-5601-9331; dgalina_10@ukr.net
Olena Zelenko: Volodymyr Dahl East Ukrainian National University, Faculty of Economics and Management, 17 Ioanna Pavla II Street, Kyiv, Ukraine; ORCID: 0000-0003-4880-246X; zelenko.olena@gmail.com